What kind of database are there

One record can store as much data as you want, in any data type or types you prefer. Its structure is like a tree with nodes representing records and branches representing fields. The windows registry used in Windows XP is a hierarchical database example. This type of DBMS supports many-to-many relations. It usually results in complex database structures. RDM Server is an example of database management system that implements the network model. This offers the interface between computers and real-world systems.

This is a set of programs used to manage and control the overall database. This includes the database software itself, the Operating System, the network software used to share the data among users, and the application programs for accessing data in the database.

Data is a raw and unorganized fact that is required to be processed to make it meaningful. Data can be simple at the same time unorganized unless it is organized. Generally, data comprises facts, observations, perceptions, numbers, characters, symbols, images, etc. Procedure are a set of instructions and rules that help you to use the DBMS. It is designing and running the database using documented methods, which allows you to guide the users who operate and manage it.

Database Access language is used to access the data to and from the database, enter new data, update already existing data, or retrieve required data from DBMS. The user writes some specific commands in a database access language and submits these to the database. Database Management System DBMS is a collection of programs that enable its users to access databases, manipulate data, report, and represent data.

It also helps to control access to the database. A popular alternative to relational databases, NoSQL databases take a variety of forms and allow you to store and manipulate large amounts of unstructured and semi-structured data. Examples include key-value stores, document stores and graph databases. Read more about NoSQL databases. Businesses with simple database requirements often use standard office tools, such as spreadsheets.

However, if you use large amounts of data or have complex business needs, you may need to consider more capable database systems that offer better functionality. Find tips to help you decide which is the best database for your business.

See also 5 reasons why your business needs a good database. My New Business Northern Ireland business support finder Sample templates, forms, letters, policies and checklists Licence finder Find a case study Do it online. Benefits of databases Types of database system. Two types of database structure Databases typically have one of two basic forms: single-file or flat file database multi-file relational or structured database A flat file database stores data in a plain text file, with each line of text typically holding one record.

Types of relationships in a database Four types of relationships exist in relational database design: one to one - where one table record relates to another record in another table one to many - where one table record relates to multiple records in another table many to one - where more than one table record relates to another table record many to many - where multiple records relate to more than one record in another table These relations form functional dependencies within the database.

For example, some systems of RDBMS have been expanded with non-traditional features, such as user-defined data types, non-atomic attributes, inheritance, and hierarchies. Also known as document-oriented database systems, document stores like spreadsheets have no schema.

Document-stores are a leading example of NoSQL database. This type of DBMS is growing in popularity as solutions to specific data management challenges arise. Document stores share some common elements with graph databases, and can be categorized as a subclass of key-value stores.

Native XML databases can likewise be categorized as a subclass of document stores. Merging these types of databases, however, yields no real advantage.

Each has unique strengths and weaknesses and advantageous use cases. This situation is endemic of there only being X number of ways computers can store and interrogate data. Similarities between methodologies are bound to arise.

For example, Elasticsearch nominally a search engine database provides enough of the core operations on documents to be categorized as a document-oriented database.

Document stores can use internal notations such as JSON , which are processed directly. JSON documents can be stored as a string in a key-value store or relational database.

Again, blurring the lines of database categorization. In key-value stores, keys or ids and values are stored in pairs. Each key has one and only one value. Some systems allow range and ordering queries. Generally, however, key-value stores are simple. The trade-off is complexity for speed. These simple systems are normally inadequate for complex functionality.

They can, however, be applied in embedded systems or as high performance in-process databases. Key-value stories are commonly used alongside document stores and wide column stores. Search engines are NoSQL database management systems designed for searching rather than editing data. Also known as extensible record stores, wide column stores store data in records rows of billions of dynamic columns. Because the focus in on records, wide column stores are not strictly column stores.

Relational, NoSQL, hierarchical…it can start to get confusing. Relational databases have been around since the s. The name comes from the way that data is stored in multiple, related tables. Within the tables, data is stored in rows and columns. The relational database management system RDBMS is the program that allows you to create, update, and administer a relational database.

Structured Query Language SQL is the most common language for reading, creating, updating and deleting data. Relational databases are very reliable. Relational databases work well with structured data. Organizations that have a lot of unstructured or semi-structured data should not be considering a relational database. These types of databases are also sometimes referred to as non-relational databases. One advantage of NoSQL databases is that developers can make changes to the database on the fly, without affecting applications that are using the database.

Like other cloud-based applications, cloud databases offer flexibility and scalability, along with high availability.